Which plant is known for its adaptation in arid environments?

• A. Fern
• B. Cactus
• C. Rosemary
• D. Willow

Answer: (B)

The cactus is renowned for its remarkable adaptations to arid environments. This plant has evolved several key features that enable it to thrive in conditions with limited water availability. One of the most notable adaptations is its thick, fleshy stem that can store water for extended periods, allowing the cactus to endure long dry spells. Additionally, the surface of a cactus is often covered in a waxy coating that minimizes water loss through transpiration. Many cacti also have modified leaves that take the form of spines, which not only reduce surface area for water loss but also provide shade and deter herbivores. These adaptations collectively enable cacti to flourish in deserts and other dry habitats, where most other plants would struggle to survive.